Elder Futhark Runes

25 runes of the Elder Futhark — the oldest runic alphabet used by Germanic peoples from the 2nd century CE. Each rune carries a name, a phonetic value and rich symbolic meaning used for divination and magic.

Freya's Aett

The first eight runes governed by Freya, goddess of love and fertility. These runes deal with material abundance, vital force, communication and joy.

Fehu
F
Uruz
U
Thurisaz
Th
Ansuz
A
Raidho
R
Kenaz
K
Gebo
G
non-reversible
Wunjo
W

Heimdall's Aett

The second eight runes belonging to Heimdall, guardian of the gods. They encompass disruption, constraint, stillness, harvest and protection.

Hagalaz
H
non-reversible
Nauthiz
N
Isa
I
non-reversible
Jera
J / Y
non-reversible
Eihwaz
Ei
non-reversible
Perthro
P
Algiz
Z / R
Sowilo
S
non-reversible

Tyr's Aett

The third eight runes under Tyr, god of justice. They embody victory, fertility, movement, humanity, water, growth and home.

Tiwaz
T
Berkano
B
Ehwaz
E
Mannaz
M
Laguz
L
Ingwaz
Ng
non-reversible
Dagaz
D
non-reversible
Othala
O

The Blank Rune

The blank rune representing fate, mystery and the unknowable. It is a modern addition to the Elder Futhark.

Wyrd
non-reversible

Frequently Asked Questions

How many runes are in the Elder Futhark?

The Elder Futhark consists of 24 traditional runes divided into three groups of eight called aetts, plus a 25th blank rune (Wyrd) added in modern practice. The runes were used by Germanic peoples from roughly the 2nd to 8th centuries CE.

Can all runes be reversed?

Not all runes have reversed (merkstave) positions. Runes that are visually symmetric — Gebo, Hagalaz, Isa, Jera, Eihwaz, Sowilo, Ingwaz, Dagaz and Wyrd — look identical upside down, so they carry only one meaning.

What are the most common rune spreads?

The three most popular spreads are: a single rune draw for daily guidance, the Three Norns spread (past / present / future), and the Runic Cross (five or six runes for a detailed situation reading). Pandorium offers all three with quantum randomness.

Rune Reading in Pandorium

Single rune, Three Norns or Runic Cross — with quantum randomness

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